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O-Rings

O-rings are mechanical gaskets that provide a pressure and fluid seal at the interface of two parts in dynamic and static applications. They are round in shape and vary by size and cross-section shape. O-rings are typically made of elastomers such as nitrile and… Learn More

O-rings, measured according to their diameter (outside and inside) and width (cross-section), are available in both metric and U.S standard inch sizes. Inch sizes are designated by dash numbers that are assigned by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) who publishes Aerospace Standard 568 (AS568). Nominal sizes are fractions, and actual sizes are decimals and include a tolerance.

O-rings are available in round, quad, and square cross-section shapes. The shape, or profile, of an o-ring is relevant to its application; for example, quad rings perform well in dynamic twisting applications because of their 4-lobed design, while round o-rings perform best in static applications. 

O-rings are available in a variety of materials for use in different applications. Temperature, lubrication, sealing pressure, and chemical compatibilities are important factors to consider. These materials include nitrile (Buna-N), for use in petroleum based fluids; Kalrez, for use in chemical resistance; silicone rubber, for use in a broad temperature ranging applications, and others.  

Material type also determines the hardness of an o-ring and its suitable applications.  Durometer is the hardness of a material and its resistance to permanent indentation. A higher durometer value indicates greater resistance to indentation. On a scale of 0 to 100, a value of 0 indicates that a sample was completely penetrated, while a value of 100 shows no indentation in the sample. The letter following the number identifies the shore scale, which is either shore A or D. Shore A is used for softer plastics, and shore D is used for harder plastics.

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