Material
- Acrylic is lightweight, and resists shattering, impact, and most non-abrasive cleaners including ammonia and strong detergents.
- Aluminum resists corrosion and tarnishing and is lightweight.
- Borosilicate glass is a type of glass consisting mostly of silica
and boron oxide. Borosilicate glass has a low coefficient of thermal expansion
and is resistant to thermal stress.
- Chlorobutyl is a type of rubber resistant to heat and acids, and is often used
for lining tanks, tubes, and other objects that require resistance to these
conditions.
- Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) is a polymer with a
high melting temperature and resistance to corrosion, chemicals, radiation, and
electricity.
- Fabric describes a wide variety of natural and artificial fibers that are
woven, knit, or felted. Fabric can be used for filtering, nets, and
geotextiles, among many other applications.
- Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) has low friction,
is easily formable, and is non-reactive.
- Glass is an inert brittle solid, heat-resistant, and typically transparent.
It is relatively easily cut and shaped.
- High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) has good chemical
resistance, electrical insulation, is easily fabricated, and does not absorb
moisture.
- Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) is lightweight,
flexible, and chemical, corrosion, and impact resistant.
- Nylon is very strong and flexible, has excellent abrasion resistance, is
lightweight, and resists crushing and cracking.
- Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) is chemically inert, has high impact strength,
and can be used at a higher working temperature than most plastics. Bakelite is
a type of PFA.
- Phenolic or phenol formaldehyde resin (PF) is a synthetic
resin often used for coating objects such as circuit boards and countertops,
and in the production of adhesives and molded objects.
- Plastic refers to a wide variety of available materials, with a range of
available chemical and physical properties. There are two types of plastics:
thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers. Thermoplastics can be heated and
molded many times, while thermosetting polymers melt and take shape only once.
An example of a thermoplastic is polyvinyl chloride, or PVC. A thermosetting
polymer such as a polyimide is generally stronger than a thermoplastic, and is
more suitable to high-temperature applications.
- Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a polymer
resistant to solvents, shrinkage, heat, and impact. It can be treated to
increase resistance to UV and flammability.
- Polycarbonate is easily worked, resists grease, oil,
detergent, and most inorganic acids, and has a very high impact resistance at
nearly 30 times that of safety glass.
- Polyetherimide (PEI) is heat resistant, has extremely low smoke generation in a fire, resists water absorption, and has high tensile strength and hardness.
- Polyethylene (PE) is lightweight, durable, and semi-flexible. It
is a chemically inert material that resists cracking and forms a good barrier
to gases, vapors, and moisture.
- Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a lightweight
and rigid polymer with strong impact, and is resistant to liquid and gas. It is
commonly used in synthetic fibers, beverage container manufacturing, and
resins. It can be transparent or opaque.
- Polypropylene (PP) resists most chemicals, has excellent
dimensional stability, and can be sterilized.
- Polystyrene (PS) is hard plastic with limited flexibility, that
can be cast into molds and produced transparent or in various colors.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resists chemicals,
moisture, and high temperatures, and has a low coefficient of friction. It is
often used for electrical applications. Teflon is a type of PTFE, trademarked
by DuPont.
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is corrosion resistant, lightweight, and durable.
It resists reactions with acids, gasoline, alcohol, and hydrocarbons.
- Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is highly
resistant to solvents, acids, bases, and heat. It has low smoke generation when
burned, and can be molded, injected, or welded.
- Porcelain is a ceramic with excellent electrical and heat resistance, but is
also very brittle and vulnerable to impact.
- PTFE Faced Silicone is silicone coated with PTFE for increased resistance
to heat and chemicals.
- Quoral is a polymer resin that provides a barrier for HDPE containers, and
is resistant to heat and hydrocarbons.
- Rubber is an elastic hydrocarbon polymer. It is generally extracted from the
latex, or sap, of the rubber tree. Rubber is highly elastic, and resists
abrasion and impact forces.
- Safety-coated glass is a glass that resists shattering into jagged
shards if damaged, and instead breaks into round grains. It is covered in a
film (usually polyester) to prevent the glass from causing harm if shattered.
- Silicone is a nonreactive and flexible polymer that is resistant to high
temperatures.
- Stainless steel is a steel alloy containing chromium that
resists scaling and corrosion.
- Steel is a good general purpose material. Steel has better weldability and
increased rust resistance over wrought iron.
- Tefzel is a modified ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), trademarked by
Dupont.
- Vinyl has low moisture absorption, resists oil, and is non-conductive.
- Zitex is a fibrous and porous form of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with similar
chemical and moisture resistance, trademarked by Norton Performance Plastics.